UNIT 6
"Consequences of Industrialization"
c. 1750 to c. 1900
12–15% - AP EXAM WEIGHTING
in this video Heimler introduces Unit 6 Topic 1. From 1750-1900 there was a massive wave of imperialism especially from European countries like England & France, but also Asian countries like Japan.
Reasons for this wave of empire building basically comes down to this: culture, nationalism, & economics. In Europe, people believed in the superiority of their culture & therefore felt duty-bound to deliver it to the rest of the world. Additionally, the Industrial Revolution created the need for raw materials & new markets for goods to be sold across the world.
Nationalism drove Japan to claim Korea as a colony, and such meddling landed them into the Sino-Japanese War with China, which they handily won due to the modernization that attended the Meiji Restoration.
In the Scramble for Africa, European nations competed to carve up the continent into colonial holdings.
In China, western powers practiced economic imperialism by carving it up according to spheres of influence.
Explores the various responses from indigenous peoples to the big wave of European imperial expansion from 1750-1900.
In general, when imperial powers showed up, resistance was the response from the natives.
American Indians, including the Cherokee, resisted westward expansion by Americans. Their resistance took the form of the Ghost Dance.
Africans responded often with violence as in the Madhist Revolt.
South Americans likewise rebelled under the leadership of Tupac Amaru II.
Mexicans repelled the French from Mexico in a movement begun by ousted Mexican leader Benito Juarez.
DUEZ-NOTES-4-JAPANS-MEIJI-RESTORATION
Discusses the various economic developments in the world as a result of imperialism from 1750-1900.
Colonial economies shifted from subsistence farming to cash crop farming almost overnight. Coveted raw materials included cotton for textiles, palm oil, rubber, & guano.
And as the middle class grew in European nations, so did their appetite for meat. Therefore, colonial holdings in Peru & Argentina shifted their economies almost entirely to the export of cattle. This was made possible by new technologies like refrigeration on ships.
Imperialism is when one country brings another under its political dominion. Economic imperialism is when that happens not politically, but economically.
Britain exercised this kind of imperialism in India by shifting their main export economy to cotton.
They also did it in China as a result of the Opium Wars. After China's defeat in that series of conflicts, other industrial powers wanted in on the boom boom too and so they carved up China into spheres of influence—each power had exclusive trading rights in their particular sphere.
3 main causes for mass migration in the period 1750-1900:
1st: Labor Systems: Like indentured servitude, contract labor, and convictions to penal colonies.
2nd: People migrated in the face of difficulties. For example, the Irish emigrated from Ireland by the millions because of the Great Potato Famine.
3rd: People migrated because empires established settler colonies. For example, British people went all over the world to settle in the far reaches of the British empire including South Africa & Australia.
In every occasion for migration, there is a home society & a receiving society, & both are affected by the migrant's coming & going.
Home Society: Because it was mostly men that migrated for work during this period, the chief effect on the home society was on gender roles.
Receiving Society: Migrants of the same cultural heritage often found each other & huddled together in cultural enclaves. In this way they affected the receiving culture, sometimes through food, other times through language or religion.
A fascinating journey in both time & space to explore the impact of the British empire on the modern world. From the earliest British settlers in Virginia to the decline of the empire in the aftermath of the two World Wars, positive & negative aspects of the empire are illustrated through key events & players.
In which John Green talks about the methods of writing history by looking at some of the ways that history has been written about the rise of the West. But first he has to tell you what the West is. And then he has to explain the Rise of the West. And then he gets down to talking about the different ways that historians and other academics have explained how the West became dominant in the world. He'll look at explanations from Acemoglu and Robinson's "Why Nations Fail," Francis Fukuyama's "The Origins of Political Order," and Ian Morris's "Why the West Rules, for Now."
